This adds a new device info query for the maximum workgroup/block size
for each dimension.

- Update the main README to reflect the current project status
- Rework the main API generation documentation. General fixes/tidying,
but also spell out explicitly how to make API changes at the top of the
document since this is what most people will care about.

---------

Co-authored-by: Martin Grant <martingrant@outlook.com>

Fix a couple of unhandled edge cases in offload-tblgen that were found
by static analysis
* `LineStart` may wrap around to 0 when processing multi-line strings.
The value is not actually being used in that case, but still better to
explicitly handle it
* Possible unchecked nullptr when processing parameter flags

All entry points (except olInit) now check that offload has been
initialized. If not, a new `OL_ERRC_UNINITIALIZED` error is returned.

Rather than having a number of static local variables, we now use
a single `OffloadContext` struct to store global state. This is
initialised by `olInit`, but is never deleted (de-initialization of
Offload isn't yet implemented).

The error reporting mechanism has not been moved to the struct, since
that's going to cause issues with teardown (error messages must outlive
liboffload).

This removes the `ol_impl_result_t` helper class, replacing it with
`llvm::Error`. In addition, some internal functions that returned
`ol_errc_t` now return `llvm::Error` (with a fancy message).

A new ErrorCode enumeration is present in PluginInterface which can
be used when returning an llvm::Error from offload and PluginInterface
functions.

This enum must be kept up to sync with liboffload's ol_errc_t enum, so
both are automatically generated from liboffload's enum definition.

Some error codes have also been shuffled around to allow for future
work. Note that this patch only adds the machinery; actual error codes
will be added in a future patch.

~~Depends on #137339 , please ignore first commit of this MR.~~ This has
been merged.

Implement the complete initial version of the Offload API, to the extent
that is usable for simple offloading programs. Tested with a basic SYCL
program.

As far as possible, these are simple wrappers over existing
functionality in the plugins.

* Allocating and freeing memory (host, device, shared).
* Creating a program 
* Creating a queue (wrapper over asynchronous stream resource)
* Enqueuing memcpy operations
* Enqueuing kernel executions
* Waiting on (optional) output events from the enqueue operations
* Waiting on a queue to finish

Objects created with the API have reference counting semantics to handle
their lifetime. They are created with an initial reference count of 1,
which can be incremented and decremented with retain and release
functions. They are freed when their reference count reaches 0. Platform
and device objects are not reference counted, as they are expected to
persist as long as the library is in use, and it's not meaningful for
users to create or destroy them.

Tests have been added to `offload.unittests`, including device code for
testing program and kernel related functionality.

The API should still be considered unstable and it's very likely we will
need to change the existing entry points.

Reland #118503. Added a fix for builds with `-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON`
(see last commit). Otherwise the changes are identical.

---


### New API

Previous discussions at the LLVM/Offload meeting have brought up the
need for a new API for exposing the functionality of the plugins. This
change introduces a very small subset of a new API, which is primarily
for testing the offload tooling and demonstrating how a new API can fit
into the existing code base without being too disruptive. Exact designs
for these entry points and future additions can be worked out over time.

The new API does however introduce the bare minimum functionality to
implement device discovery for Unified Runtime and SYCL. This means that
the `urinfo` and `sycl-ls` tools can be used on top of Offload. A
(rough) implementation of a Unified Runtime adapter (aka plugin) for
Offload is available
[here](https://github.com/callumfare/unified-runtime/tree/offload_adapter).
Our intention is to maintain this and use it to implement and test
Offload API changes with SYCL.

### Demoing the new API

```sh
# From the runtime build directory
$ ninja LibomptUnitTests
$ OFFLOAD_TRACE=1 ./offload/unittests/OffloadAPI/offload.unittests 
```


### Open questions and future work
* Only some of the available device info is exposed, and not all the
possible device queries needed for SYCL are implemented by the plugins.
A sensible next step would be to refactor and extend the existing device
info queries in the plugins. The existing info queries are all strings,
but the new API introduces the ability to return any arbitrary type.
* It may be sensible at some point for the plugins to implement the new
API directly, and the higher level code on top of it could be made
generic, but this is more of a long-term possibility.

Reverts llvm/llvm-project#118503

Broke bot
https://lab.llvm.org/staging/#/builders/131/builds/9701/steps/5/logs/stdio