This patch replaces LLVM_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED with [[maybe_unused]],
introduced as part of C++17.

See https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/147168 for more info.

Executing this transform op may crash when the payload op is not
erasable. Guard against that. Since this is a test op, no additional
test is defined.

Fixes #128323.

This commit simplifies the result type of materialization functions.

Previously: `std::optional<Value>`
Now: `Value`

The previous implementation allowed 3 possible return values:
- Non-null value: The materialization function produced a valid
materialization.
- `std::nullopt`: The materialization function failed, but another
materialization can be attempted.
- `Value()`: The materialization failed and so should the dialect
conversion. (Previously: Dialect conversion can roll back.)

This commit removes the last variant. It is not particularly useful
because the dialect conversion will fail anyway if all other
materialization functions produced `std::nullopt`.

Furthermore, in contrast to type conversions, at least one
materialization callback is expected to succeed. In case of a failing
type conversion, the current dialect conversion can roll back and try a
different pattern. This also used to be the case for materializations,
but that functionality was removed with #107109: failed materializations
can no longer trigger a rollback. (They can just make the entire dialect
conversion fail without rollback.) With this in mind, it is even less
useful to have an additional error state for materialization functions.

This commit is in preparation of merging the 1:1 and 1:N type
converters. Target materializations will have to return multiple values
instead of a single one. With this commit, we can keep the API simple:
`SmallVector<Value>` instead of `std::optional<SmallVector<Value>>`.

Note for LLVM integration: All 1:1 materializations should return
`Value` instead of `std::optional<Value>`. Instead of `std::nullopt`
return `Value()`.

This is discussed in RFC:

https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-making-the-constructor-of-the-transformstate-class-protected/80377

`PassManager::run` loads the dependent dialects for each pass into the
current context prior to invoking the individual passes. If the
dependent dialect is already loaded into the context, this should be a
no-op. However, if there are extensions registered in the
`DialectRegistry`, the dependent dialects are unconditionally registered
into the context.

This poses a problem for dynamic pass pipelines, however, because they
will likely be executing while the context is in an immutable state
(because of the parent pass pipeline being run).

To solve this, we'll update the extension registration API on
`DialectRegistry` to require a type ID for each extension that is
registered. Then, instead of unconditionally registered dialects into a
context if extensions are present, we'll check against the extension
type IDs already present in the context's internal `DialectRegistry`.
The context will only be marked as dirty if there are net-new extension
types present in the `DialectRegistry` populated by
`PassManager::getDependentDialects`.

Note: this PR removes the `addExtension` overload that utilizes
`std::function` as the parameter. This is because `std::function` is
copyable and potentially allocates memory for the contained function so
we can't use the function pointer as the unique type ID for the
extension.

Downstream changes required:
- Existing `DialectExtension` subclasses will need a type ID to be
registered for each subclass. More details on how to register a type ID
can be found here:
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/8b68e06731e0033ed3f8d6fe6292ae671611cfa1/mlir/include/mlir/Support/TypeID.h#L30
- Existing uses of the `std::function` overload of `addExtension` will
need to be refactored into dedicated `DialectExtension` classes with
associated type IDs. The attached `std::function` can either be inlined
into or called directly from `DialectExtension::apply`.

---------

Co-authored-by: Mehdi Amini <joker.eph@gmail.com>

This patch adds more precise side effects to the current ops with memory
effects, allowing us to determine which OpOperand/OpResult/BlockArgument
the
operation reads or writes, rather than just recording the reading and
writing
of values. This allows for convenient use of precise side effects to
achieve
analysis and optimization.

Related discussions:
https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-add-operandindex-to-sideeffect-instance/79243

Transform interfaces are implemented, direction or via extensions, in
libraries belonging to multiple other dialects. Those dialects don't
need to depend on the non-interface part of the transform dialect, which
includes the growing number of ops and transitive dependency footprint.

Split out the interfaces into a separate library. This in turn requires
flipping the dependency from the interface on the dialect that has crept
in because both co-existed in one library. The interface shouldn't
depend on the transform dialect either.

As a consequence of splitting, the capability of the interpreter to
automatically walk the payload IR to identify payload ops of a certain
kind based on the type used for the entry point symbol argument is
disabled. This is a good move by itself as it simplifies the interpreter
logic. This functionality can be trivially replaced by a
`transform.structured.match` operation.

with a small stack-use-after-scope fix in getConstraintPredicates()

This reverts commit c80e6edba4a9593f0587e27fa0ac825ebe174afd.