This patch is part of a project to move the Presburger library into
LLVM.

`verifySchedule` was not looking at the operands of nested operations,
which caused incorrect schedule to be allowed in some cases, potentially
leading to crash during expansion.
There is also minor fix in `cloneAndUpdateOperands` in the pipeline
expander that prevents double visit of the cloned op. This one has no
functional impact, so no test for it.

Add a check to validate that the schedule passed to the pipeliner
transformation is valid and won't cause the pipeliner to break SSA.

This checks that the for each operation in the loop operations are
scheduled after their operands.

Support loops without static boundaries. Since the number of iteration
is not known we need to predicate prologue and epilogue in case the
number of iterations is smaller than the number of stages.

This patch includes work from @chengjunlu

-Fix case where an op is scheduled in stage 0 and used with a distance
of 1
-Fix case where we don't peel the epilogue and a value not part of the
last stage is used outside the loop.

The `LoopLikeOpInterface` already has interface methods to query inits
and iter_args. This commit adds helper functions to query tied
init/iter_arg pairs and removes the corresponding functions for
`scf::ForOp`.

Add a simple transform operation to the NVGPU extension that performs
software pipelining of copies to shared memory. The functionality is
extremely minimalistic in this version and only supports copies from
global to shared memory inside an `scf.for` loop with either
`vector.transfer` or `nvgpu.device_async_copy` operations when
pipelining preconditions are already satisfied in the IR. This is the
minimally useful version that uses the more general loop pipeliner in an
NVGPU-specific way. Further extensions and orthogonalizations will be
necessary.

This required a change to the loop pipeliner itself to properly
propagate errors should the predicate generator fail.

This is loosely inspired from the vesion in IREE, but has less unsafe
assumptions and more principled way of communicating decisions.

Reviewed By: nicolasvasilache

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D155223

The MLIR classes Type/Attribute/Operation/Op/Value support
cast/dyn_cast/isa/dyn_cast_or_null functionality through llvm's doCast
functionality in addition to defining methods with the same name.
This change begins the migration of uses of the method to the
corresponding function call as has been decided as more consistent.

Note that there still exist classes that only define methods directly,
such as AffineExpr, and this does not include work currently to support
a functional cast/isa call.

Caveats include:
- This clang-tidy script probably has more problems.
- This only touches C++ code, so nothing that is being generated.

Context:
- https://mlir.llvm.org/deprecation/ at "Use the free function variants
  for dyn_cast/cast/isa/…"
- Original discussion at https://discourse.llvm.org/t/preferred-casting-style-going-forward/68443

Implementation:
This first patch was created with the following steps. The intention is
to only do automated changes at first, so I waste less time if it's
reverted, and so the first mass change is more clear as an example to
other teams that will need to follow similar steps.

Steps are described per line, as comments are removed by git:
0. Retrieve the change from the following to build clang-tidy with an
   additional check:
   https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/compare/main...tpopp:llvm-project:tidy-cast-check
1. Build clang-tidy
2. Run clang-tidy over your entire codebase while disabling all checks
   and enabling the one relevant one. Run on all header files also.
3. Delete .inc files that were also modified, so the next build rebuilds
   them to a pure state.
4. Some changes have been deleted for the following reasons:
   - Some files had a variable also named cast
   - Some files had not included a header file that defines the cast
     functions
   - Some files are definitions of the classes that have the casting
     methods, so the code still refers to the method instead of the
     function without adding a prefix or removing the method declaration
     at the same time.

```
ninja -C $BUILD_DIR clang-tidy

run-clang-tidy -clang-tidy-binary=$BUILD_DIR/bin/clang-tidy -checks='-*,misc-cast-functions'\
               -header-filter=mlir/ mlir/* -fix

rm -rf $BUILD_DIR/tools/mlir/**/*.inc

git restore mlir/lib/IR mlir/lib/Dialect/DLTI/DLTI.cpp\
            mlir/lib/Dialect/Complex/IR/ComplexDialect.cpp\
            mlir/lib/**/IR/\
            mlir/lib/Dialect/SparseTensor/Transforms/SparseVectorization.cpp\
            mlir/lib/Dialect/Vector/Transforms/LowerVectorMultiReduction.cpp\
            mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Test/TestTypes.cpp\
            mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Transform/TestTransformDialectExtension.cpp\
            mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Test/TestAttributes.cpp\
            mlir/unittests/TableGen/EnumsGenTest.cpp\
            mlir/test/python/lib/PythonTestCAPI.cpp\
            mlir/include/mlir/IR/
```

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D150123