Fix #141753 .

This patch introduces a new check, that tries to decide if the
conjunction of all the values uniquely identify the accepted values by
the switch.

Generate the GEP with the index type that InstCombine will cast it to but use the knowledge that the index is unsigned.

We should be able to allow `simplifySwitchOfPowersOfTwo` transform
to take place, as, on recent X86 targets, the weighted latency-size
appears to be 2. This favours computing trailing zeroes and indexing
into a smaller value table, over generating a jump table with an
indirect branch, which overall should be more efficient.

Seeing how we can't generate any debug intrinsics any more: delete a
variety of codepaths where they're handled. For the most part these are
plain deletions, in others I've tweaked comments to remain coherent, or
added a type to (what was) type-generic-lambdas.

This isn't all the DbgInfoIntrinsic call sites but it's most of the
simple scenarios.

Co-authored-by: Nikita Popov <github@npopov.com>

Part of the coverage-tracking feature, following #107279.

In order for DebugLoc coverage testing to work, we firstly have to set
annotations for intentionally-empty DebugLocs, and secondly we have to
ensure that we do not drop these annotations as we propagate DebugLocs
throughout compilation. As the annotations exist as part of the DebugLoc
class, and not the underlying DILocation, they will not survive a
DebugLoc->DILocation->DebugLoc roundtrip. Therefore this patch modifies
a number of places in the compiler to propagate DebugLocs directly
rather than via the underlying DILocation. This has no effect on the
output of normal builds; it only ensures that during coverage builds, we
do not drop incorrectly annotations and therefore create false
positives.

The bulk of these changes are in replacing
DILocation::getMergedLocation(s) with a DebugLoc equivalent, and in
changing the IRBuilder to store a DebugLoc directly rather than storing
DILocations in its general Metadata array. We also use a new function,
`DebugLoc::orElse`, which selects the "best" DebugLoc out of a pair
(valid location > annotated > empty), preferring the current DebugLoc on
a tie - this encapsulates the existing behaviour at a few sites where we
_may_ assign a DebugLoc to an existing instruction, while extending the
logic to handle annotation DebugLocs at the same time.

This flag was used to let us incrementally introduce debug records
into LLVM, however everything is now using records. It serves no
purpose now, so delete it.

Following the work in PR #107279, this patch applies the annotative
DebugLocs, which indicate that a particular instruction is intentionally
missing a location for a given reason, to existing sites in the compiler
where their conditions apply. This is NFC in ordinary LLVM builds (each
function `DebugLoc::getFoo()` is inlined as `DebugLoc()`), but marks the
instruction in coverage-tracking builds so that it will be ignored by
Debugify, allowing only real errors to be reported. From a developer
standpoint, it also communicates the intentionality and reason for a
missing DebugLoc.

Some notes for reviewers:

- The difference between `I->dropLocation()` and
`I->setDebugLoc(DebugLoc::getDropped())` is that the former _may_ decide
to keep some debug info alive, while the latter will always be empty; in
this patch, I always used the latter (even if the former could
technically be correct), because the former could result in some
(barely) different output, and I'd prefer to keep this patch purely NFC.
- I've generally documented the uses of `DebugLoc::getUnknown()`, with
the exception of the vectorizers - in summary, they are a huge cause of
dropped source locations, and I don't have the time or the domain
knowledge currently to solve that, so I've plastered it all over them as
a form of "fixme".

Closes https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/142522.

Having a finite Depth (or recursion limit) for computeKnownBits is very
limiting, but is currently a load-bearing necessity, as all KnownBits
are recomputed on each call and there is no caching. As a prerequisite
for an effort to remove the recursion limit altogether, either using a
clever caching technique, or writing a easily-invalidable KnownBits
analysis, make the Depth argument in APIs in ValueTracking uniformly the
last argument with a default value. This would aid in removing the
argument when the time comes, as many callers that currently pass 0
explicitly are now updated to omit the argument altogether.