In simplifyPartiallyRedundantLoad we may replace a load with a PHI of
available values in predecessor blocks. As part of this process, we may
need to cast those values, which we do by inserting a new cast at the
end of the predecessor. These cast instructions should take their debug
location from the load instruction, just as the PHI does; we make an
exception if the predecessor does not unconditionally branch to the
load's block, as in that case we are not guaranteed to reach the load
and must therefore drop its debug location.

Found using https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/107279.

This is one of the final remaining debug-intrinsic specific codepaths
out there, and pieces of cross-LLVM infrastructure to do with debug
intrinsics.

This is another prune of dead code -- we never generate debug intrinsics
nowadays, therefore there's no need for these codepaths to run.

---------

Co-authored-by: Nikita Popov <github@npopov.com>

The `std::optional` didn't add any semantics that couldn't be modeled with the pointers being `nullptr`.

Following the work in PR #107279, this patch applies the annotative
DebugLocs, which indicate that a particular instruction is intentionally
missing a location for a given reason, to existing sites in the compiler
where their conditions apply. This is NFC in ordinary LLVM builds (each
function `DebugLoc::getFoo()` is inlined as `DebugLoc()`), but marks the
instruction in coverage-tracking builds so that it will be ignored by
Debugify, allowing only real errors to be reported. From a developer
standpoint, it also communicates the intentionality and reason for a
missing DebugLoc.

Some notes for reviewers:

- The difference between `I->dropLocation()` and
`I->setDebugLoc(DebugLoc::getDropped())` is that the former _may_ decide
to keep some debug info alive, while the latter will always be empty; in
this patch, I always used the latter (even if the former could
technically be correct), because the former could result in some
(barely) different output, and I'd prefer to keep this patch purely NFC.
- I've generally documented the uses of `DebugLoc::getUnknown()`, with
the exception of the vectorizers - in summary, they are a huge cause of
dropped source locations, and I don't have the time or the domain
knowledge currently to solve that, so I've plastered it all over them as
a form of "fixme".

RFC: https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-improving-is-stmt-placement-for-better-interactive-debugging/82668

See test for details.

The other code all use the hasMinSize(), so I change the last two
hasFnAttribute(Attribute::MinSize).

In case the same src BB targets to the same dest BB in different
conditions/edges, such as switch-cases, we should use
prob[SrcBB->SuccIndx] instead of prob[SrcBB->DstBB] to get probability.