This adds support for adding instant events to the TimeProfiler. Later we plan to use it to record deferring of template instantiations.

Reverts https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/99731

Remove accidentally added temporary file.
Also, fix the uninitialized read of line number.

Reverts llvm/llvm-project#99545

There were a couple of issues reported in the PR: a sanitizer warning
(https://lab.llvm.org/buildbot/#/builders/164/builds/1246/steps/14/logs/stdio)
and a tmp file accidentally included in the commit.

Fix the Windows test.

Reverts llvm/llvm-project#98320

Breaks windows tests:

```
Step 8 (test-build-unified-tree-check-clang-unit) failure: test (failure)
******************** TEST 'Clang-Unit :: Support/./ClangSupportTests.exe/1/3' FAILED ********************
Script(shard):
--
GTEST_OUTPUT=json:C:\buildbot\as-builder-3\llvm-clang-x86_64-win-fast\build\tools\clang\unittests\Support\.\ClangSupportTests.exe-Clang-Unit-4296-1-3.json GTEST_SHUFFLE=0 GTEST_TOTAL_SHARDS=3 GTEST_SHARD_INDEX=1 C:\buildbot\as-builder-3\llvm-clang-x86_64-win-fast\build\tools\clang\unittests\Support\.\ClangSupportTests.exe
--

Script:
--
C:\buildbot\as-builder-3\llvm-clang-x86_64-win-fast\build\tools\clang\unittests\Support\.\ClangSupportTests.exe --gtest_filter=TimeProfilerTest.TemplateInstantiations
--
C:\buildbot\as-builder-3\llvm-clang-x86_64-win-fast\llvm-project\clang\unittests\Support\TimeProfilerTest.cpp(278): error: Expected equality of these values:
  R"(
Frontend
| ParseFunctionDefinition (fooB)
| ParseFunctionDefinition (fooMTA)
| ParseFunctionDefinition (fooA)
| ParseDeclarationOrFunctionDefinition (test.cc:3:5)
| | ParseFunctionDefinition (user)
| PerformPendingInstantiations
| | InstantiateFunction (fooA<int>, ./a.h:7)
| | | InstantiateFunction (fooB<int>, ./b.h:3)
| | | InstantiateFunction (fooMTA<int>, ./a.h:4)
)"
    Which is: "\nFrontend\n| ParseFunctionDefinition (fooB)\n| ParseFunctionDefinition (fooMTA)\n| ParseFunctionDefinition (fooA)\n| ParseDeclarationOrFunctionDefinition (test.cc:3:5)\n| | ParseFunctionDefinition (user)\n| PerformPendingInstantiations\n| | InstantiateFunction (fooA<int>, ./a.h:7)\n| | | InstantiateFunction (fooB<int>, ./b.h:3)\n| | | InstantiateFunction (fooMTA<int>, ./a.h:4)\n"
  buildTraceGraph(Json)
    Which is: "\nFrontend\n| ParseFunctionDefinition (fooB)\n| ParseFunctionDefinition (fooMTA)\n| ParseFunctionDefinition (fooA)\n| ParseDeclarationOrFunctionDefinition (test.cc:3:5)\n| | ParseFunctionDefinition (user)\n| PerformPendingInstantiations\n| | InstantiateFunction (fooA<int>, .\\a.h:7)\n| | | InstantiateFunction (fooB<int>, .\\b.h:3)\n| | | InstantiateFunction (fooMTA<int>, .\\a.h:4)\n"
With diff:
@@ -7,5 +7,5 @@
 | | ParseFunctionDefinition (user)
 | PerformPendingInstantiations
-| | InstantiateFunction (fooA<int>, ./a.h:7)
-| | | InstantiateFunction (fooB<int>, ./b.h:3)
-| | | InstantiateFunction (fooMTA<int>, ./a.h:4)\n
+| | InstantiateFunction (fooA<int>, .\\a.h:7)
+| | | InstantiateFunction (fooB<int>, .\\b.h:3)
+| | | InstantiateFunction (fooMTA<int>, .\\a.h:4)\n



C:\buildbot\as-builder-3\llvm-clang-x86_64-win-fast\llvm-project\clang\unittests\Support\TimeProfilerTest.cpp:278
Expected equality of these values:
  R"(
Frontend
| ParseFunctionDefinition (fooB)
| ParseFunctionDefinition (fooMTA)
| ParseFunctionDefinition (fooA)
| ParseDeclarationOrFunctionDefinition (test.cc:3:5)
| | ParseFunctionDefinition (user)
| PerformPendingInstantiations
| | InstantiateFunction (fooA<int>, ./a.h:7)

```

This is helpful in identifying file and location which contain the particular template declaration.

To avoid issue like https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/56554
and https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/83236 due to no
guarantees for nested relationships between file level span and syntax
tree level span, I'd like to have a `timeTraceAsyncProfilerBegin`
specific to trace handling only `Source` spans around

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/8715f256911786520bb727ce067098d7082ac45c/clang/lib/Sema/Sema.cpp#L153-L170.

This is a preparation PR to do that in [following
PR](https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/83961).

This NFC prepares the TimeProfiler to support the construction
and completion of time profiling 'entries' across threads.

Add ClockType alias so we can change the clock in one place.
(trivial) Use c++ usings instead of typedefs
Rename Entry to TimeTraceProfilerEntry since this type will eventually become public.
Add an intro comment.
Add some smoke unit tests.

Reviewed By: russell.gallop, rriddle, lattner, jloser

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D133153