try_emplace value-initializes values, so we do not need to pass
nullptr to try_emplace when the value types are raw pointers or
std::unique_ptr<T>.

Add per-property has<Prop>/set<Prop>/reset<Prop> functions to
MachineFunctionProperties.

RFC: https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-improving-is-stmt-placement-for-better-interactive-debugging/82668

Fixes #127781

This change splits out the renaming and comment updates from #129612 as a non-functional change.

The module currently stores the target triple as a string. This means
that any code that wants to actually use the triple first has to
instantiate a Triple, which is somewhat expensive. The change in #121652
caused a moderate compile-time regression due to this. While it would be
easy enough to work around, I think that architecturally, it makes more
sense to store the parsed Triple in the module, so that it can always be
directly queried.

For this change, I've opted not to add any magic conversions between
std::string and Triple for backwards-compatibilty purses, and instead
write out needed Triple()s or str()s explicitly. This is because I think
a decent number of them should be changed to work on Triple as well, to
avoid unnecessary conversions back and forth.

The only interesting part in this patch is that the default triple is
Triple("") instead of Triple() to preserve existing behavior. The former
defaults to using the ELF object format instead of unknown object
format. We should fix that as well.

Remove `TargetIntrinsicInfo` class as its practically unused (its pure
virtual with no subclasses) and its references in the code.