`__libcpp_{ctz, clz}` were previously used as fallbacks for `__builtin_{ctzg, clzg}` to ensure compatibility with older compilers (Clang 18 and earlier), as `__builtin_{ctzg, clzg}` became available in Clang 19. Now that support for Clang 18 has been officially dropped in #130142, we can now safely  replace all instances of `__libcpp_{ctz, clz}` with `__count{l,r}_zero` (which internally call `__builtin_{ctzg, clzg}` and eliminate the fallback logic.

Closes #131179.

The PR removes the unnecessary division and modulo operations in the
one-word specialization `__bitset<1, _Size>`. The reason is that for the
one-word specialization, we have `__pos < __bits_per_word` (as
`__bitset<1, _Size>` is an implementation detail only used by the public
`bitset`). So `__pos / __bits_per_word == 0` and `__pos / __pos %
__bits_per_word == __pos`.

The current implementation of `{std, ranges}::equal` fails to correctly
compare `vector<bool>`s when the underlying storage type is smaller than
`int` (e.g., `unsigned char`, `unsigned short`, `uint8_t` and
`uint16_t`). See [demo](https://godbolt.org/z/j4s87s6b3)). The problem
arises due to integral promotions on the intermediate bitwise
operations, leading to incorrect final equality comparison results. This
patch fixes the issue by ensuring that `{std, ranges}::equal` operate
properly for both aligned and unaligned bits.
 
Fixes #126369.

This PR fixes an ambiguous call encountered when using the `std::ranges::find` or `std::find`
algorithms with `vector<bool>` with small `allocator_traits::size_type`s, an issue reported
in #122528. The ambiguity arises from integral promotions during the internal bitwise
arithmetic of the `find` algorithms when applied to `vector<bool>` with small integral
`size_type`s. This leads to multiple viable candidates for small integral types:
__libcpp_ctz(unsigned), __libcpp_ctz(unsigned long), and __libcpp_ctz(unsigned long long),
none of which represent a single best viable match, resulting in an ambiguous call error.

To resolve this, we propose invoking an internal function __countr_zero as a dispatcher
that directs the call to the appropriate overload of __libcpp_ctz. Necessary amendments
have also been made to __countr_zero.

This PR optimizes the performance of `std::ranges::rotate` for
`vector<bool>::iterator`. The optimization yields a performance
improvement of up to 2096x.

Closes #64038.

This PR optimizes the performance of `std::ranges::swap_ranges` for
`vector<bool>::iterator`, addressing a subtask outlined in issue #64038.
The optimizations yield performance improvements of up to **611x** for
aligned range swap and **78x** for unaligned range swap comparison.
Additionally, comprehensive tests covering up to 4 storage words (256
bytes) with odd and even bit sizes are provided, which validate the
proposed optimizations in this patch.

This PR optimizes the performance of `std::ranges::equal` for
`vector<bool>::iterator`, addressing a subtask outlined in issue #64038.
The optimizations yield performance improvements of up to 188x for
aligned equality comparison and 82x for unaligned equality
comparison. Moreover, comprehensive tests covering up to 4 storage words
(256 bytes) with odd and even bit sizes are provided, which validate the
proposed optimizations in this patch.

As a follow-up to #121013 (which optimized `ranges::copy`) and #121026
(which optimized `ranges::copy_backward`), this PR enhances the
performance of `std::ranges::{move, move_backward}` for
`vector<bool>::iterator`, addressing a subtask outlined in issue #64038.

The optimizations bring performance improvements analogous to those
achieved for the `{copy, copy_backward}` algorithms: up to 2000x for
aligned moves and 60x for unaligned moves. Moreover, comprehensive
tests covering up to 4 storage words (256 bytes) with odd and even bit
sizes are provided, which validate the proposed optimizations in this
patch.

This PR addresses an undefined behavior that arises when using the
`std::fill` and `std::fill_n` algorithms, as well as their ranges
counterparts `ranges::fill` and `ranges::fill_n`, with `vector<bool, Alloc>`
that utilizes a custom-sized allocator with small integral types.

As a follow-up to #121013 (which focused on `std::ranges::copy`), this
PR optimizes the performance of `std::ranges::copy_backward` for
`vector<bool>::iterator`, addressing a subtask outlined in issue #64038.
The optimizations yield performance improvements of up to 2000x for
aligned copies and 60x for unaligned copies.