A significant number of our tests in C accidentally use functions
without prototypes. This patch converts the function signatures to have
a prototype for the situations where the test is not specific to K&R C
declarations. e.g.,

  void func();

becomes

  void func(void);

This is the eleventh batch of tests being updated (there are a
significant number of other tests left to be updated).

This patch adds support for the MSVC /HOTPATCH flag: https://docs.microsoft.com/sv-se/cpp/build/reference/hotpatch-create-hotpatchable-image?view=msvc-170&viewFallbackFrom=vs-2019

The flag is translated to a new -fms-hotpatch flag, which in turn adds a 'patchable-function' attribute for each function in the TU. This is then picked up by the PatchableFunction pass which would generate a TargetOpcode::PATCHABLE_OP of minsize = 2 (which means the target instruction must resolve to at least two bytes). TargetOpcode::PATCHABLE_OP is only implemented for x86/x64. When targetting ARM/ARM64, /HOTPATCH isn't required (instructions are always 2/4 bytes and suitable for hotpatching).

Additionally, when using /Z7, we generate a 'hot patchable' flag in the CodeView debug stream, in the S_COMPILE3 record. This flag is then picked up by LLD (or link.exe) and is used in conjunction with the linker /FUNCTIONPADMIN flag to generate extra space before each function, to accommodate for live patching long jumps. Please see: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/d703b922961e0d02a5effdd4bfbb23ad50a3cc9f/lld/COFF/Writer.cpp#L1298

The outcome is that we can finally use Live++ or Recode along with clang-cl.

NOTE: It seems that MSVC cl.exe always enables /HOTPATCH on x64 by default, although if we did the same I thought we might generate sub-optimal code (if this flag was active by default). Additionally, MSVC always generates a .debug$S section and a S_COMPILE3 record, which Clang doesn't do without /Z7. Therefore, the following MSVC command-line "cl /c file.cpp" would have to be written with Clang such as "clang-cl /c file.cpp /HOTPATCH /Z7" in order to obtain the same result.

Depends on D43002, D80833 and D81301 for the full feature.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D116511

For a default visibility external linkage definition, dso_local is set for ELF
-fno-pic/-fpie and COFF and Mach-O. Since default clang -cc1 for ELF is similar
to -fpic ("PIC Level" is not set), this nuance causes unneeded binary format differences.

To make emitted IR similar, ELF -cc1 -fpic will default to -fno-semantic-interposition,
which sets dso_local for default visibility external linkage definitions.

To make this flip smooth and enable future (dso_local as definition default),
this patch replaces (function) `define ` with `define{{.*}} `,
(variable/constant/alias) `= ` with `={{.*}} `, or inserts appropriate `{{.*}} `.

This reverts commit 789a46f2d742e11edaade28cb59a0f4d2a1d770e.

Accidentally committed.

Summary:
Clang -fpic defaults to -fno-semantic-interposition (GCC -fpic defaults
to -fsemantic-interposition).
Users need to specify -fsemantic-interposition to get semantic
interposition behavior.

Semantic interposition is currently a best-effort feature. There may
still be some cases where it is not handled well.

Reviewers: peter.smith, rnk, serge-sans-paille, sfertile, jfb, jdoerfert

Subscribers: dschuff, jyknight, dylanmckay, nemanjai, jvesely, kbarton, fedor.sergeev, asb, rbar, johnrusso, simoncook, sabuasal, niosHD, jrtc27, zzheng, edward-jones, atanasyan, rogfer01, MartinMosbeck, brucehoult, the_o, arphaman, PkmX, jocewei, jsji, Jim, lenary, s.egerton, pzheng, sameer.abuasal, apazos, luismarques, cfe-commits

Tags: #clang

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D73865

Reviewed By: nickdesaulniers

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D73072

In the backend, this feature is implemented with the function attribute
"patchable-function-entry". Both the attribute and XRay use
TargetOpcode::PATCHABLE_FUNCTION_ENTER, so the two features are
incompatible.

Reviewed By: ostannard, MaskRay

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D72222

This feature is generic. Make it applicable for AArch64 and X86 because
the backend has only implemented NOP insertion for AArch64 and X86.

Reviewed By: nickdesaulniers, aaron.ballman

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D72221